John Stuart Mill’s Viewpoint on Interrogation and Torture Essay

In the world today there have been many controversial topics including topics such as euthanasia, the death penalty and gay marriage. One that has always stood out in particular is the controversy over torture and interrogation techniques for terrorists in US custody . Ethically you can argue for or against these torture and interrogation techniques but what would John Stuart Mill’s viewpoint be on this highly debated topic? Before we go into John Stuart Mill’s Utilitarianism Ethics it is imperative that we talk about his background and when/where he lived to more accurately describe his mindset. John Stuart Mill was a British philosopher who was born in Pentonville, London, England in 1806 and died in France in 1973. John Stuart Mill was the eldest son of a Scottish philosopher James Mill and had a very rigorous upbringing shielded from peers from his own age studying the ins and outs of philosophy. His father’s goal as a follower of Jeremy Bentham was to create a genius intellect to carry on Utilitarianism after he and Bentham died. The intensive study his father put him through caused severe mental health issues on John Stuart Mill causing him to have a mental breakdown at age 20 which he claimed to be caused by the great physical and mental demands that suppressed any feelings he should have developed in his early childhood. John Stuart Mill as a Utilitarian philosopher, which is a form of teleological (goal based ethics) / consequentialism (moral worth of an action is determined by its outcome), believed that ethical/moral decisions or actions should be made on the basis of the greatest good for the greatest number. That meaning maximizing pleasure, satisfaction and well being while minimizing negative affluences commonly referred to as ultimate importance. Utilitarianism can also be compared with deontological ethics, which do not take in the consequences of the account being a determination. John Stuart Mill’s rule Utilitarianism is much more relative then â€Å"text book† Utilitarianism in which he encouraged people to do acts that are pleasurable to them as long as they do so to the â€Å"higher pleasure†. Although his definition of higher pleasure can be questioned as an absolutist since he is absolute in what he defines as â€Å"higher pleasure.† Now begs the question; what would his opinion be on enhanced interrogation techniques or torture on terrorists in US custody be? After the 9/11 attacks  and the United States war on Iraq in the media non-stop over the last decade we here much of terrorists in US custody in places such as Guantanamo Bay being interrogated and tortured for information. It can be concluded from an Utilitarian standpoint that these individuals are less than one percent of the US & World population and if anything can be done to these individuals to benefit or protect the rest it would be justifiable by any means. Thus, it is obvious that John Stuart Mill would whole-heartedly agree with these actions and more than likely encourage it. I agree with Utilitarianism and John Stuart Mill on the viewpoint of interrogating or torturing actual terrorists to protect United States soil but unfortunately the term â€Å"terrorist† for the United States is loosely defined and anyone disagreeing with United States policies can be defined one way or the other as a terrorist. I disagree with Utilitarianism as a whole because there is an obvious flaw with an individual’s interest vs a greater sum of lesser interests meaning that the legal system would punish behavior that harmed others but that would not punish in a situation where one can personally ga in and no one would be harmed. Also one person could propose something would would maximize self-interest that conflict with means supported by another. Thus, self interest causes them to compromise with another to avoid interference; the means advised may accidently correspond with those by utilitarianism but the fundamental ethical imperative would not be utilitarian. Utilitarianism itself is somewhat a paradox when it comes to actual real life use but sounds wonderful in theory if the world was really black and what / end all be all but of course as we know it is not. John Stuart Mill would of course agree with enhanced interrogation techniques or torture but his utilitarianism justification would never be accepted by the United States masses.

The Story of My Life in 400 Words

Let me start off by saying that writing essays isn’t really my cup of tea. I find it really difficult to begin as there are so many different ways to do it. I can start with, â€Å"One day†¦Ã¢â‚¬  but then it would be too common. Finding the right way to start a composition, for me, is the most taxing thing in the world to do. Then, there’s also the problem of choosing which items to include and disregard. If the limit of words is four hundred then I must choose the words carefully. Otherwise, I might go over without getting my message across. Do you understand my dilemma? You might find this weird coming from someone who makes students write their stories. If they would only find out then that would make me the laughing-stock of the whole school. I won’t waste your time anymore with this senseless talk and start with what I’m supposed to write about. Everything started one Monday morning in November of 1975. This was when I made my entry to this world. I believe I made my parents really happy just by being here. Then there was elementary. It’s where I learned about social interaction. I discovered that if I’m nice to people then I’ll make more friends but if I’m not, then life will be lonely and miserable. From high school I learned that spending some time in making myself look presentable is important if I want to attract the attention of people from the opposite sex. Oh, yes! There’s also college. In the university, I learned that we really live in a dog eat dog world. Competition is stiff and you must learn to cope otherwise you won’t survive. Despite of this, I learned to really fall in love for the first time. I won’t really go into too much details as I would have to write another 400-word composition for this topic alone. After college, I tried my hand on a lot of different things. Off the top of my head, I remember working as a project assistant, administrative assistant, senior clerk and customer service representative to name just a few. It wasn’t until I tried my hand on teaching that I found my calling. Teaching is not for the weak of heart. You must be able to endure several heartaches and some disappointments before you can reap its rewards. But mind you, the rewards are tremendous. Being able to make a difference in the lives of your students is what it really is about. I can’t think of any other way to live my life.

Maternal Health Care Utilization Health And Social Care Essay

This paper reports about a research work which was conducted in the Sichuan Province in China to analyze assorted determiners of maternal wellness among adult females of cultural minority in the state during March and April 2007. Despite the fact that China has demonstrated diminution in maternal mortality ( from 89 per 100,000 unrecorded births in 1990 to 47.7 deceases per 100,000 unrecorded births in 2005 ) , this diminution is non every bit observed in the state with a big difference between urban and rural populations. Rural countries have continued to see high maternal morbidity and mortality peculiarly among adult females of cultural minority and as a consequence, positions of maternal wellness among these disadvantaged ethnic groups are still hapless. Globally, inequalities and unfairnesss between bulk and minority cultural groups in resource-constrained countries have continuously documented. With 55 minority groups ( representing to 8.41 % of China ‘s entire population ) , China is non an exclusion. Knowing this, the Government of China was determined to put in betterment of wellness services and insurance strategies in rural China through its Eleventh Five Year Plan. Linked to this is the demand to achieve the Millennium Development Goal on maternal wellness which aims to cut down maternal mortality by 75 % by 2015. In add-on, the writers of this paper had been carry oning research in the Sichuan state since 2004. The research was conducted as a collaborative enterprise by Chinese and Australian opposite numbers. All of the above facts formed the footing and principle for the demand of the research reported in this article.The intent of this researchThe chief intent of this research was to garner grounds that would be used to rede the Government of China on how best to better proviso of maternal wellness services among cultural minority population groups. Specifically, the research intended to look into factors impacting use of maternal wellness attention among the Yi and Mong adult females and to suggest appropriate intercessions that could be used to better use degrees of the services. This was planned to be learned through analyzing societal economic factors and wellness seeking behavior of the Yi and Mong adult females on one manus and measuring wellness system factors impacting proviso of choice maternal wellness services on the other.Research methods, beginnings of informations and analysisChiefly, the survey was descriptive chiefly using qualitative methods. Both primary and secondary informations were used whereas primary informations were collected through interviews with different classs of survey participants and secondary informations were obtained through infirmary record reappraisal.Method of informations aggregationPrimary information was collected by carry oning single interviews. Research workers used interview ushers which allowed examining inquiries. The writers qualify the interviews to be â€Å" semiformal † because during the procedure of carry oning the interviews, some formal processs of single interviews were non followed. In some occasions hubbies of the interviewed adult females were welcomed at the terminal of the treatment and other relations and community members would garner around doing the interview attain characteristics of group treatment. Word count: 459Secondary informations were collected through record reappraisal at MCH infirmary in the state. Additional secondary information was gathered from beginnings such as offices of wellness directors, the County Bureau of Health and literature.Sampling scheme and sizeBasically, purposeful sampling was applied. The mark survey participants were chiefly adult females who had given birth in the period of 10 old ages prior to the survey. In placing single adult females to be interviewed, sweet sand verbena technique ( i.e. utilizing one participant to place and urge for another eligible participant ) was employed. The traditional birth attenders ( TBAs ) were every bit good obtained through snowballing technique. Other classs of survey participants were strategically identified based on their function in the community ( e.g. traditional therapists ) or by virtuousness of their place in the wellness services bringing system ( e.g. wellness suppliers, wellness directors and the functionaries from the County Bureau of Health ) . The Table below summarizes sample size by class of survey participants. Summary of sample sizeClass of survey participantsSample sizeWomans ( from the cultural minority ) 56 Traditional Birth Attendants ( TBA ) 7 Male traditional therapists 2 Health workers at the township infirmary 5 Directors and staff from the county and general infirmaries 6 Administrators from the County Bureau of Health 2 Reappraisal of records of adult females who gave birth at the township infirmary in 2006 22 Reappraisal of records of adult females who were referred to other wellness installations 6Questions and facets asked during interviewsApart from roll uping demographic information of each survey participant ( such as age, instruction, ethnicity, business, and para – which were general inquiries ) , other inquiries were specific for specific classs of survey participants. Womans were asked about their experiences in gestations and childbearings such as prenatal clinic attending, topographic point of birth, grounds for taking a peculiar topographic point of birth, support they got during bringing and who attended them and if they attended postpartum attention. They were besides asked inquiries to set up their degrees of cognition on issues related to gestation and childbearing ; how and where they acquired such cognition and information about maternal wellness in general. Household degree patterns such as who makes determinations when it comes to issues related to gestation and childbearing were every bit good asked. In add-on, they were asked about the class of act ion normally taken when one experiences maternal complications and if any of them experienced maternal complication or if they know any other adult females who had experienced maternal complications. Finally, they were asked from their point of position how they regarded the populace and private wellness attention and services in general and urge on betterments that they would wish the authorities to implement. Word count: 509TBAs were asked how they practiced their work, figure of adult females and kids they have assisted to present, their interactions with the adult females and their households every bit good as with the public wellness attention bringing system. The wellness workers, wellness directors and functionaries from the Health Bureau were besides interviewed to capture issues related to maternal attention demands from authorities positions every bit good as challenges that the authorities was confronting in presenting maternal wellness services.Methods of informations analysis usedThe qualitative information was analysed utilizing a grouping system of the informations sets. Data was categorized in wide subjects and cardinal words were used to put groups of texts into several subjects. Analysis was besides done by age, ethnicity, instruction, business, abode and para. Subjects such as attending to ANC clinics, postpartum attention, topographic point of bringing, entree of wellnes s attention, cost related to accessing wellness services, other barriers to accessing attention such as cultural beliefs and general wellness seeking behaviors were used. Similarly, analysis was done to develop frequences of demographic information such as age, instruction, residence vicinity and distance to the township infirmary. Consequences from this analysis were besides compared and contrasted with regard to the clip period of the being of the township infirmary. In-depth analysis was besides done by pulling sub-samples to find specific issues such as determination devising processes at family degree in relation to pick of a topographic point of birth. Secondary informations reappraisal for available infirmary records of adult females who utilized bringing services in the life-time of the infirmary was besides applied.Key research findingsAlthough the survey found that ANC and postpartum attending were low and that by and large there were more place bringings than installation based 1s, accounts on these findings are obtained by reading of the cardinal findings of the survey. These include the followers: Geographic handiness is non a cardinal barrier to accessing maternal wellness services in Xinjie The survey revealed that in the period of being of the township infirmary, 90.3 % of adult females delivered at place. However, this is non supported by distance from adult females ‘s abodes to the infirmary because, in-depth analysis on 22 adult females who delivered in the infirmary in 2006 showed that more adult females ( 64 % ) were coming from far off villages every bit compared to merely 23 % who lived near to the infirmary. Analysis of a sub-sample of adult females who were pregnant during the interview farther supported this determination as 4 of the 7 adult females were be aftering to present at place. Quality of wellness attention services at the township infirmary was low If compared to higher degree and or metropolis infirmaries, quality of wellness services at Xinjie infirmary was low. Inability to carry on cesarean subdivisions, staff with limited preparation, deficiency of blood bank, failure to pull off exigency obstetric issues and deficiency of exigency conveyance were noted. Women besides expressed concerns on deficiency of proviso of hurting slayers when they delivered to ease the hurting. The installation substructure lacked privateness during bringing. Furthermore, adult females were uncomfortable to be attended by male wellness attention workers who were the bulk. Cultural insensitiveness of bringing patterns in the infirmary such as sitting place during delivered was besides identified by interviewees. These factors were extremely valued and helped explicate fewer installation based bringings observed. They indicate that quality may keep a higher value than cost and distance as some adult females were willing to go long distances to other infirmaries where they perceived quality was better. Word count: 475Cost of maternal wellness services was unaffordable for many adult females and insurance strategy was non good understood and non good working The policy in China involves paying for maternal wellness. Women reported to pay for conveyance, adjustment, medical specialties, and service charge for bringing. It was made clear in the analysis that adult females who delivered in the infirmary paid every bit much as several thousand kwai. These costs were non to the full covered by the bing insurance policy and re-imbursement for prescribed medicines covered merely a narrow scope of medical specialties. Procedures for re-imbursement and benefiting from the insurance were ill-defined to many adult females and bureaucratic. A struggle of involvement among wellness workers over raising hospital gross led to pattern of over prescription, therefore increasing cost of attention to adult females. Traditional cognition, experiences and accomplishments in childbearing were readily available The survey sample included 7 TBAs who reported to hold abundant cognition and experience on gestation related issues, kid bearing and attention after birth. These were merely a few of many other adult females particularly the married 1s in the communities who had similar cognition and accomplishments. Since these adult females with expertness were readily available in propinquity of people ‘s abodes, their services were more utilized than infirmary services. The out of use nexus between hospital staff and TBAs due to authorities policy farther gave TBAs patterns more popularity. This could explicate the low ANC attending ( 20.6 % ) and low postnatal attention use ( 9.7 % ) observed among the adult females from different sub-samples in the survey. The policy to bettering maternal wellness services for marginalised groups was new and required farther reexamine Policy on user fees and insurance strategies was found to be a barrier. In add-on, context specific issues such as geographical handiness, cultural patterns, exposure and differences in economic capacities of different groups in societies had non received a closer expression by the authorities. Hospitals in marginalised communities such as the Xinjie infirmary has received limited resources to supply quality services.DecisionsThe writers drew three chief decisions from the findings. First, they recognise that use of maternal wellness services is low among the studied cultural minority adult females in the state. However, they associate this state of affairs to their 2nd decision that other factors than geographical handiness to wellness installations are the grounds for this low use. They observed in their 3rd decision that place bringings are common and this is attributed to issues related to chiefly quality of attention, cost and deficiency of acknowledgment of traditional values a nd civilization. Word count: 438 Word count: 520As portion of their decision they recommend for prolonging the nomadic clinic intercession late introduced, bettering links between wellness workers and TBAs and traditional therapists, and reappraisal of policies particularly on household planning and penalty policy for staff who do non run into prescribed marks for infirmary based bringings.Contemplations on findings with regard to ain stateBy and large, there are more similarities than differences in findings between those reported in this article with what prevails in my ain state ( Tanzania ) . Despite a good web of public wellness installations, low use of maternal wellness services is a large job in Tanzania where merely 50 % of bringings are installation based ( TZ DHS, 2010 ) . Similarly, while Xinjie has witnessed a little addition of installation based bringings in the recent 3 old ages prior to the survey, Tanzania has besides attained a little addition by 3 % traveling from 47 % in 2004 ( TZDHS, 2004-5 ) t o 50 % . More of these issues are more common in rural countries than in urban for both states. Such rural territories observe lower per centums than the national figures shown supra. Unlike Xinjie, geographical handiness is one of cardinal factors in rural communities in accessing maternal wellness services in Tanzania. Despite the fact that 90 % of the Tanzanian population live within 5 kilometers from a wellness installation ( MOHSW, 2007 ) , geographical barriers and hapless roads topped with seasonality remain cardinal and back easiness of timely entree of wellness services. Both states portion a similar job on quality of attention. Availability of skilled forces has been a job. Merely 51 % of institutional bringings are assisted by skilled forces ( TZ DHS, 2010 ) . Irregular drug handiness and stock out of indispensable equipment and supplies are among factors impairing quality of wellness services. Traditional practicians such as TBAs and therapists besides exist in Tanzania. However, unlike China, Tanzania has recognized and integrated TBAs and traditional therapists in the wellness system and introduced a enrollment system. The function of the TBAs, nevertheless, remains that of guidance and referral. In some territories, inducements have been introduced whereby TBAs who refer adult females to wellness installations are rewarded. Besides, Tanzania has a good developed wellness policy for primary wellness attention which has been evaluated and reviewed several times. There is monolithic political will and back up. Though outgo on wellness has remained deficient, there is a little addition in budget for wellness over the decennary and the authorities investing on wellness is promoting. Based on these worlds, the decisions and recommendations made for the Xinjie and China might non be appropriate for Tanzania due to difference in context ( politically, socially, and culturally ) and degree of development of the primary wellness attention system.

Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 6

Management - Essay Example The case issued finds the performance differentiated in the electronics and appliance departments. The electronics department performance is impeccable at the production and quality department as compared to the appliance division. The explanation to variations in performance is due to the lack of the necessary resources and poor tactics applied in production. The post suggests the application of contemporary marketing and production resources to yield increased results needed to develop an organization. Furthermore, there is the need to balance the strategies needed in production within an organization to realize success and promote development attributes that shape progress within an organization (Griffin, 2012). Griffin (2012) state that the problems that the organization faces may be due to internal factors and the strategy applied by management to implement its policies. The regulation of employees through the human resource department and analysis of performance of the members may cause the difficulty noticed in delivering success. The other solution suggested include the initiation of the IE matrix that reviews the internal factors that affect organizational policies. The post is vital to articulate measures that limit the performance of the organizational departments that are needed to highlight overall

Ethics in Business Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words - 1

Ethics in Business - Case Study Example Businesses must act ethically to all stakeholders, yet the different stakeholders have differing interests. To balance the needs of the various stakeholders becomes a challenge for businesses, which usually results in corporate scandals that have ethical and other long lasting effects. It is for that reason, that this discussion explores the recent ethical issues in businesses, in the United States. The following is a comprehensive list of recent ethical issues, the moral issue, as well as what should be done to resolve the moral dilemma. Marketers looking for edgy corporate advertising usually risk character and shut doors on social responsibility in search for a breakthrough moment. While drawing up competitive advertisements, corporations yearn to be in the limelight, but such advertisements end up bringing unexpected and negative upshots among the audiences or the intended recipients. Recent miscarriages of advertisements are such as the McDonald’s, Pepsi, general motors, ford and Hyundai. The above corporations’ recent advertisements were originally intended to be humorous, although they were unwrapped as insensitive and offensive typecasts. An advertisement by the Pepsi Corporation dubbed the Mountain Dew ad has attracted criticism of propagating racism and venerating cruelty against women. The ad features an African American wrapper, and is deemed as the most insensitive and racist ad in united states. McDonald’s advert â€Å"You are not alone† has been criticized on grounds that it makes light of people suffering from mental illness. General motors run an advert with 1930s settings and incorporates a contemporary remix of a 1930s song that makes references to Chinese people. The general moral issue in the general motors and the Pepsi advert are that they are portraying a racial stereotype. At the

HIST 2112 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

HIST 2112 - Essay Example While industry had been around for quite a while before the turn of the century, this was the first time it became nearly impossible to survive in a purely rural environment. At first, many skilled workers joined unions in an attempt to save their jobs from unskilled machine workers who could do the exact same work in a factory as them for cheaper and more quickly. This did not last long, however, as more cooperation was needed for success. Often times, the actions of these unions would lead to violence, which means more problems would be caused by their protests than would be solved by them. The Coal Strikes between 1900 and 1902 became somewhat of a national crisis, as coal was a necessary commodity. The workers did gain higher wages and less hours with these strikes, although the government refused to admit that the union had anything to do with this. As time moved on, workers attempted to create a union for all to be a part of, which would end the wage system and would give the w orkers the power. These attempts were suppressed by the capitalists, however, as they knew that paying too much in wages would put a damper on the significant profits they were making during this time period. The entrepreneurs got the government involved in these disputes in order to protect their interests. The government knew that it was in its best interests to keep the capitalist entrepreneurs happy, so it did whatever it could to prevent the workers from winning these disputes. These unions were, however, important because they allowed for wages to rise and hours worked to fall for skilled workers in the United States. The lives of African Americans between 1877 and 1928 were transitional, as African Americans began to search for a niche in American society. In 1877, North troops left the South, which meant that former African American slaves in the South could no longer rely on them for political protection. Many issues

Introduction to Business Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 5

Introduction to Business - Essay Example This paper reviews the importance of communication channels in business organizations. In addition, it looks into the ways through which communication channels can help business organizations to improve on their performance and gain competitive edge over their competitors. An effective communication channel will ensure that information reaches the intended persons. It should be noted that communication channels enables managers as well as other individuals within an organization to send information and receive feedback. Therefore, effective communication channels will ensure that a given message is sent to the target audience and the feedback is got. Effective and efficient communication channel within organizations is capable of maintaining excellent relationships between employees and the management of the organization. Through it, employees will be encouraged to share their ideas that may be implemented and this is capable of enhancing an organization’s performance. Through effective and efficient communication channels, employees are capable of submitting their comments, work accounts, grievances as well as recommendations. Moreover, when organizations have effective as well as speedy communication channels, delays will be prevented and results will be achieved. Good communication channels are beneficial to organizations because it will enhance motivation since employees will be informed and clarified concerning works to be conducted as well as the manner in which they are to be conducted very quickly. In addition, it will enable employees to enhance on their performance when it is below the expectations. The productivity of organizations will thus be improved. Similarly, good communication channels will ensure that the individual attitudes of employees are altered since they will be well informed very quickly. It should be noted that proper communication

In what ways does Kathryn Bigelow undermine the conventions of action Essay

In what ways does Kathryn Bigelow undermine the conventions of action cinema Use Point Break as your example and be sure to incorporate the discussions of critics that were assigned to read - Essay Example The scenes which include skydiving are greatly done to make one wonder how Bigelow managed to shoot these scenes at the time (Benson-Allott 3). Point Break is considered an unconventional film due to the pair of actors that Bigelow employed. During the 80’s and the early 90’s, action film were considered to employ more male masculine actors. The likes of Arnold Schwarzenegger, Steven Segul, Claude Van Damme, Sylvester Stallone, and Chuck Norris. The action film genre was characterized by huge and masculine figures during this period. The likes of Jet Li and Tom Cruise were lighter, smooth, faster action figures. In Keanu Reeves and Patrick Swazey, Bigelow managed to use Point Break in the transformation of Hollywood’s action film from masculine figures to smooth, intelligent crime busters (Benson-Allot 4). Sean Redmond, makes three claims about Katherine Bigelow and Point Black that shows her an unconventional approach to action film. While most critics look at Bigelow’s approach to film as Political, genetically transgressive and feminist, Point Break did not reflect the radical approaches of ideology that Bigelow employed in The Hurt Locker (2009) and the most recent Zero Dark Thirty (2012). In Point Break, Raymond sees Bigelow as founding a new subculture of FBI in action film. Raymond insists that Bigelow showed her political ideology in Point Break. Although the scripts of the movie already existed before Bigelow became the director, it was hard to imagine that the likes of Keanu Reeves and Swazey would make the set (Redmond 4). Redmond sees Bigelow as a radical because in Point Break, the film does not follow the political order which valued lifestyle and counter-culture values. The subculture of thieves who are surfers, led by Bodhi is exalted in the work. The FBI ethos are abandoned by the main character, John Utah, when he is undercover. He is drawn into the life style of this surfer criminal gang.

Managerial Systems and Operations Report Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Managerial Systems and Operations Report - Essay Example SCM or logistics management is significant in creating a connection among several variables of business process such as production, warehouse, suppliers as well as customers. The implementation of supply chain management is efficient and economical in nature for the overall business. More specifically, it can be stated that the implementation of supply chain management concept is quite useful and cost effective in a considerable manner altogether. SCM centrally regulate the entire procedures of production and shipments to distribution of products. The implementation of SCM is also deemed to be helpful in developing an active supply of products, service and materials for ensuring the effective flow of products within a particular business process. It can be depicted that with the initiation of globalization in business domain, the approach of SCM has become more popular and widespread (Simchi-Levi, 2009). For instance, a large number of companies are using the concept of Supply Chain Management during the distributional process. My experiences during working in a retail industry reflect that the concept of supply chain management is very effective for reducing the distribution cost and time. Inventory is recognized as goods that have been stocked in a place or warehouse for a particular business. More specifically, inventory indicates the material that a business holds as a purpose of reselling the same. Inventory management in this regard, has been recognized as a particular concept of managing inventory in a systematic manner. Experts recognize inventory management as a science for evaluating the specification as well as percentage of stocked goods. The concept of inventory management involves various procedures of managing goods. It includes the process of ordering goods, to shipping and handling of goods along with managing the cost (South Eastern University

Asylum Seekers - a Contemporary Social Issues in Australian Society Essay Example for Free

Asylum Seekers a Contemporary Social Issues in Australian Society Essay The Oxford English Dictionary defines asylum as the shelter afforded by a country to someone who has had to leave their country of origin due to danger from political or other reasons (Oxford English Dictionary 2012). Structuralism, according to Babbie (2006), is a theory supporting the establishment of communities of different cultures. This paper will discuss the concept of asylum seekers in Australia as part of multiculturalism within the global population flow and critically examine the roles and values of the Australian people towards â€Å"uninvited immigrants† and the policies in relation to the recent influx of asylum seekers. Specifically, this paper will first give an overview of Australians and asylum seekers, then discuss the history of asylum seekers coming to Australia and review the effectiveness of current policies in addressing the issues surrounding admission of asylum seekers. The paper will also examine the arguments and issues surrounding the policies for, and attitudes towards asylum seekers, as viewed through the lens of structural functionalism. Finally the paper will conclude with an overview of Australia’s current multicultural strategy for asylum seekers and what the future holds as globalisation increases. As the complex issues surrounding asylum seekers in Australia are increasingly challenged, constant changes due to globalisation and population flow affect Australia’s political, economical and social stance towards those seeking asylum (Jupp, 2007). The broader field of population flows and multiculturalism is the topic within which the issue of asylum seekers looking for entry into a multicultural Australia is contextualised. The Settlement Council of Australia (SOCA) is the main organisation nationally representing the settlement service division and has a close working relationship with the Department of Immigration and Citizenship. SOCA states that a refugee is a victim of oppression who fits the description of a refugee as set out in the 1951 agreement concerning the Status of Refugees, of which Australia is a participant, whereas an asylum seeker has already sought protection from the government under international law and is awaiting a decision on their status. (SOCA, 2012). The current view of multiculturalism, and the approach to asylum seekers amongst Australians today, is still mixed (McMaster, 2001). It is difficult for some to accept what they perceive as outsiders queue jumping in to the system to obtain status. Multiculturalism is a vital element of the settlement procedure, assisting in establishing the best environment for settlement to occur (SOCA, 2012). To understand the desperation faced by asylum seekers is hard, and we can only draw from media coverage or second-hand knowledge, if not personally experienced (Suter, 2001). Most will have fled from their homeland due to tyranny, warfare, or horrendous abuses of their human rights. As argued by Suter (2001), Australia has reacted with obstinacy over recent years with the growing arrival of asylum seekers from countries, such as Afghanistan in 2001, where the refugees were refused entry to Australia forced to relocate to Indonesia as the boat had initially foundered in Indonesian waters. International condemnation did nothing to soften the government’s stance and interestingly, most Australians, according to surveys at the time, supported the government’s hard line. The fear of invasion still seems pervasive amongst many (Suter 2001). The humanitarian element of protection is superseded by a fact that another person is attempting to get into the country and must be assessed. As SOCA states, the reinstatement of processing migrants off-shore will have a large impact psychologically on people who are vulnerable with a bleak and uncertain outlook surrounding their status in Australia. For those arriving by boat separation from their families is traumatic and the restoration of devastated families is a main element in settling successfully. Asylum seekers will need continued support from the community during difficult times of change while establishing a safer and more protected life (SOCA, 2012). It is significant that multiculturalism is a policy that recognises, and endorses, cultural diversity, not non-racism (Van Krieken, Habibis, Smith, Hutchins, Haralambos, Holborn 2006). Australia has received immigrants for many years, as Jupp (2007) discusses, emigrants from Europe arrived in 1788, opening the way for 160,000 convicts. The Immigration Restriction Act, introduced in 1901 named the ‘White Australia Policy’, was to prevent the admission of non- Europeans into Australia. As the Australian Government Department of Immigration and Citizenship state, Australia assesses claims made by asylum seekers under the Migrations Act 1988 and Migration Regulations 1994. There is also an independent review process for people who arrive by sea know as â€Å"irregular maritime arrivals† and asylum is granted on individual circumstances after thorough background checks, which in some cases take years. Whilst waiting for their status to be recognised, asylum seekers are required to remain in detention centres (Commonwealth, 2012). The statistics published by the Department of Immigration show that when the Refugees Convention was set up in 1951 around 1. 5 million immigrants existed worldwide. Towards the close of 2010 that figure had risen to 43. 7 million, comprising many refugees, some 15 million with over 838,000 seekers of asylum and 27million relocated from their country of origin (Commonwealth, 2012). Whilst it is difficult to account for exactly why people are displaced, a large number may be foreign students and people looking for changes in lifestyle, due to globalisation and easier forms of transport (Xu, 2007). There are still many people from war torn countries escaping from oppressive and deadly regimes looking for an improved lifestyle for their relatives and loved ones. (Lusher Haslam, 2007). Australia is a socially diverse country, which has grown to accept and embrace differing cultures. Race and racism were a fundamental part of the national Australian community, as in the case of the Aboriginal Australians, to be rid of those considered racially disagreeable, those who were not white. As Lusher and Haslam (2007) discuss, historically up to the First World War, the admission of Europeans to Australia was virtually unobstructed, so there was no motive to assess immigrants entering due to persecution in their country of origin. The Second World War saw the admission of many Jewish refugees from Nazi Germany with Australia assisting in an international aid scheme. Following on from the ever-increasing influx of refugees, Australia was one of the first to sign the United Nations document on the Status of Refugees in 1951 (Jupp, 2007). From then on, Australia accepted some refugees, and rejected others. Australia’s policy on refugees has consistently formed part of its immigration policy. The first major modern controversy, which sets the scene for today’s issues, was in 1977 when a boat carrying Vietnamese refugees arrived off the coast of Darwin. The media then used labels, such as â€Å"queue jumpers† and â€Å"Boat people†, names that hold to this day (Jupp, 2007). Historical incidents such as this give a background to the treatment of asylum seekers today and what some might see as Australia’s contemptuous and cold-hearted management towards them. The numbers of refugees and asylum seekers is growing annually, as statistics from the Refugee Council of Australia show: five people arrived by boat during 1975 to 1976 compared to 4,730 on 89 boats during 2010 to 2011 (Refugee Council, 2012). Yon (2000) asserts that many Australians of â€Å"old† or white descent still do not identify with the multiculturalisms view of the â€Å"new† Australia. These fundamental ideas not only marginalise ethnic cultures, but also are destructive as they produce a situation whereby â€Å"old† Australians position themselves as being on the outside of a multicultural Australia. To assert that the legitimacy of the current Australian policy on asylum seekers is being questioned is understandable when viewed from a structural functionalism perspective. People with different cultural beliefs and values come together, particularly in the strained circumstances of asylum seeking; one party running for fear of their lives and Australian Immigration viewing this flight as another invasion (McMaster, 2001). Many, according to Tepperman and Blain (2006), believe that Australia’s multicultural policy should be restructured to accommodate the rapid advances in globalisation bringing together more ethnic cultures and be in line with assimilation of ethnic cultures whilst working towards a common goal. Current policies in Australia to assist asylum seekers are not effective in this age of globalisation, and should be focused on as a matter of urgency (Lusher Haslam 2007). On July 21, 2012 in The Australian, Cameron Stewart discusses that the government’s current policy on refugees and asylum seekers which has, until recently, been the one of the basic key stones of Australia’s commitment to human rights and is now in danger of collapse. The ineffectiveness of the current policy is highlighted by the inability of the government to prevent people smugglers bringing more boats to Australian shores, hence more and more people are arriving. But, the government continued to maintain a policy, initiated in 1996 by the Howard government, which set a cap on the intake allowed each year and which is currently much lower than the influx of new refugees to these shores (Stewart, 2012). The United Nations’ Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR) (Article 13) declares people should be able to leave their place of origin with a right to decent health care, food, housing and a right to the safekeeping in areas of welfare such as unemployment, illness of death of a family member (Article 25). The UDHR also states (Article 2) that no one should be discriminated against based on of his or her viewpoint politically, or his or her status internationally (UDHR 2012, cited Xu, Q 2007). The United Nations Human Rights Committee (UNHRC) advised Australia in April 2010 to seek out better options than the detention of asylum seekers who arrive by boat. The UNHRC is still in discussion with the Australian government on the best way to reduce the deferment of the mounting claims for asylum and compulsory detention, whilst concentrating on the wellbeing and health of asylum seekers in Australia (UNHRC, 2012). The theory of structural functionalism, argues that each of us is born, into set communal structures that have fixed behavioural expectations, which people generally do not contravene (Van Krieken et al, 2006). Social issues are approached scientifically assessing changes in urban growth, population flow to explain the structures underpinning society. As Bessant and Watts (2007) assert, structural functionalists focus on statistics of given situations, which are then used to describe the progress of and structure of social development and may help to create the basis of a policy on multiculturalism. Babbie (2010) posits that it is pertinent to understand how a person who once fitted in to a different society with different roles and functions may have difficulties initially, or if ever, adapting to the structure and function which makes up Australian contemporary society. It is therefore useful using the structural perspective, to assess the asylum seekers who may appear disruptive when placed for months in detention centres, as people who are displaced from their â€Å"norm† and are reacting against that displacement. Structural functionalism would be looking to understand why problems are occurring and what could be done to effectively integrate the asylum seekers into the Australian larger society, taking into account the adjustments that would be needed for those people to assimilate (Babbie 2010). According to Xu (2007), using the welfare benefit system is crucial for helping the acculturation and settlement of all immigrants. Yet as Xu (2007) notes, resentment amongst many Australian citizens is building towards asylum seekers as they often take low-paid jobs, out of necessity, which contributes to employment issues and a sense of insecurity for many indigenous and natural born workers. As a result, over the last 20 years Australia has moved its policy on immigration to focus more on assimilating asylum seekers and refugees with discussions about multiculturalism, and how that affects the native Australians, and less on the welfare of the immigrants arriving, sometimes under dire circumstances (Xu, 2007). In conclusion the analysis in this paper of the social issue of asylum seekers admitted into Australia suggest that many factors may disrupt feelings amongst native Australians, and unless handled sensitively the deep rooted fear of invasion, which still endures for many, will not go away (Jupp, 2007). Multiculturalism does not have the legitimacy it was trying to assume and marginalisation of asylum seekers still exists. As Bessant and Watts (2007) show when viewed through the paradigm of the structural functionalism theory, the current Australian policies on the treatment of asylum seekers create maladaptation and malignancies. An irrefutable fact exists, asserts Jupp (2007), which is globalisation. More people daily are coming to and from Australia and continually communicating with other countries and cultures. The frenetic pace of globalisation and the ensuing and inevitable cultural change in the form of assimilation is inevitable (Xu, 2007). The emphasis, according to Xu (2007) should be on a tactical approach that creates a long-term solution to prioritise the management and protection of asylum seekers across Australia, and adapting current policies on immigration to ensure that migrants skirting around current arrangements make no gain. The focus therefore should be on Australian observance of its international responsibilities concentrating on an improved policy for immigration, encouraging a reasonable and managed humanitarian programme which minimises fear and anxiety across all sectors yet creates an adhesive force for change.

Business Plan Of Curves Fitness Commerce Essay

Business Plan Of Curves Fitness Commerce Essay The main objectives of the operations of Curves Fitness which provide its backbone for operation include: providing a wellness program or strategies which they will offer to various businesses situated and operating in London; to create working relationship with five companies in a span of one year; and to expand their operations to England by the end of their second year. As the objectives illustrate, the company is geared towards expanding the reach of their businesses first towards their main location with the hope that the future will allow the business to be as well practiced in England. FACTORS AFFECTING SUCCESS In the course of operations of Curves Fitness, it is also very important to put into consideration that will put the business into the pedestal of success. One of the keys which will be influential to success would be marketing services to individuals and companies. It is acknowledged by the company that these set of strategies will be an invaluable asset to the business which will provide its edge against competition. Another factor which is expected to contribute to the success of the business is the recruitment of experienced managerial talent. This move will ensure the business that the organization is going to be managed by individuals who are equipped with the necessary skills and knowledge to run the kind of business. Dedication and hard work of the founders will be another key to a successful performance as the founding team acknowledges the fact that it is them who will be the foundation of the business and it is them who will make the business move. The last factor which wi ll be key to the success f the business is the lowering of over-all costs. The business is looking for economies of scale so that they will incur lower costs in their operations to generate greater profit. MARKETING STRATEGIES The marketing strategies of the business include its practices and measures which are executed towards the dimensions of people, product, place, and promotion which forms part of the companys marketing strategies. The business should properly manage their marketing mix in order to come up with strategic formulations which will bring the organization into success. The company puts too much emphasis in the importance of their employees as they are regarded to be the reasons behind better and effective provision of the organizations basic services. The fitness service provided by the organization is geared towards serving markets which fall under the category of small to medium sized businesses which they assume would be made possible through an establishment of an enduring or lasting relationship with their client database. The main operation of the business will be based on London and in the succeeding years, it will cover the rest of the remaining parts of England given the success in its performance. In the entire England, 46% of men and 32% of women are overweight, and out of which 17% of men and 21% of women are situated in London. This number is good enough to realize the potential of a fitness business whose market is not segmented because the target market includes all potential businesses. Particular market segments of the business include corporate employees, manufacturing employees, industry employees, and others. To establish a brand that is premium in terms of personality and market appearance, the management of the business decided to utilize a pricing strategy which in which the prices of the companys basic services are comparable to the prices of the higher end fitness centers. There will be a 100 pounds monthly fee for the employees who decide to avail of the corporate employee program of the fitness center while on the other hand the employer will pay an annual fee of 150 pounds per employee regardless on whether or not the employee has availed of their fitness services. This will be used to maintain the companys equipment and to continue to provide better service to the public who patronizes their fitness center. To be bale to make the public aware on the existence of Curves Fitness, it is regarded that they need to have a well evaluated and a successful promotional strategy in which they can advertise their products and increase the awareness of their target market regarding the existence of their business. The company will establish advertisements targeted towards their market which will be a tri-media promotional campaign appearing on televisions, radios, and newspapers. Brochures and flyers will also be distributed to provide an awareness campaign and client education. Although the company realizes the effectiveness of these media, advertisements will only be done at a minimum to incur minimal costs. The company also believes in the power of word of mouth as a successful promotional tool, and this technique will be the focus of the organizations promotional campaign. ORGANIZATION STRUCTURE A carefully designed and well-evaluated organizational structure should be designed by the companys management so that there will be proper hierarchy in terms of authority and distribution of organizational power. The organizational structure matrix will also provide an illustration of the flow of decision making activities and will determine the levels or position in the entire organization. The organizational structure of Curves Fitness holds that the Chief Executive Officer is at the top of the organization. This goes to show that it is the Chief Executive Officer who is vested with the organizational powers and has the highest authority and decision making capacity in the entire organization. The Chief Executive Officer is followed by the Director of Finance and Administration, Director of Health and Wellness Programs, and Director of Sales and Marketing. These three directors hold equal positions and are also equal in terms of authority and powers in decision making activities. They report directly to the Chief Executive Officer. The Finance and Accounting Department is held under the supervision of the Director for Finance and Administration; the Director for Health and Wellness Programs directly handles the Program Director and the Health and Fitness Specialist; and the Director for Sales and Marketing Director directly handles the Personnel Manager. These people w ho were mentioned report directly to the respective directors of their departments but not to the Chief Executive Officer. Lastly, the bottom of the organizational chart is composed f the aFitness Centre Manager and three attendees. These employees are the ones at the bottom of the organization and are the one with the least powers in terms of authority and decision making activities which concern the management of the business. FINANCIAL RESOURCES Establishing your own business is never an easy task to handle. Given the complexities of the current economic condition and the global financial crisis, capital requirements are often one of the most complicated dimensions for businesses which are just starting. The source of the capital requirements are often too hard to obtain. In the case of Curves Fitness, the total amount which will be initially needed for operation would most probably be at an estimated 300,000 pounds. This amount is expected to cover all the initial and incidental expenses which will be incurred as the business is built and on the first few months of its operation. On this capital requirement, 200,000 pounds will be self-funded, that is from the personal fund of the owner. Moreover, the remaining 100,000 will be made possible through a bank loan which is expected to help the owner handle the necessary financial expenses which will be required for the operation. Approximately about 140,000 pounds of the initia l capital requirement will be allocated for the leasehold improvements which will be very critical for the location of the fitness center. Furthermore, 75,000 pounds will be distributed and allocated in the purchase of gym equipments and other facilities needed to be able to provide the service which the business intends to provide the public. The remaining fraction from the capital requirement will be sued to pay for the initial rent and pay roll in a span of the first six months of the business. The first few months of operation is very crucial for the company that is why it is very important for the business to have a stable capital requirement to fund for the operational expenses for up to at least the first six months. FINANCIAL ANALYSIS The management anticipates that the first three years of the operation of Curves Fitness will show a progressive financial performance which will be characterized with gradual growth of net profit. The first year might note small profit because the business is still paying much for its capital requirement and there are many incidental expenses which need to be covered since the business is just starting with its operations. For the first three years of operation, the sales which will be generated from the provision of the general services is expected to be also progressive starting at 539,075 pounds on its first year and is expected to grow to 825,600 on its third year. Moreover, the total operating expenses will remain the same for the first two years which is valued at 300,600 pounds for the first two years and on the third year the operating expenses will be lowered to 246,600 pounds. The operating expenses are expected to be lower on the third year because the necessary expenses have already been paid on the first two years. The net profit of the company is also expected to grow on a three year basis. For the first year, the net profit is expected to be valued at 146,270 pounds, 223,238 pounds on its second year, and 387,375 on its third year of operations. TIMELINE To be able to be assured of timely operations, the business will follow an established timeline which will provide a guideline for the business operation. The very first task which the business will emphasize is confirming its vision, mission, and objectives which might actually take a while before being finalized. The next activity will be market research which will provide the opportunity to explore activities which will generate profit. Pro-financial accounting and analysis will also be done to be bale to adhere to the companys financial requirements and to project its financial performance in the years to come. The business environment will also be analyzed and there will also be determining of strategies and business control which will provide the business with a framework for operation. The last task is the documentation and presentation which will embody the general background of the business. CONCLUSION The success of Curves Fitness is almost a clear vision in the United Kingdom market. It has been acknowledged that the country is suffering a health care crisis which is threatening to the productivity of the labor force. Furthermore, there are also changes with regards to demographics. Combined together, these factors will be the foundation of the success of the business as such give Curves Fitness a great potential in the United Kingdom fitness industry.

Essay --

The author George Elliot once said â€Å"don’t judge a book by its cover.† Appearance can be very misleading, and you shouldn't prejudge the worth or value of something by its outward appearance alone. This philosophical idea has been included in many works of literature, including the timeless classic To Kill a Mockingbird written by Harper Lee. The novel takes place in the town of Maycomb, Alabama during the 1930s. Many citizens of Maycomb tend to make judgements based on outward appearances alone. In the novel, Lee uses minor characters such as Boo Radley, Mrs. Dubose, and Tom Robinson to convey the book’s theme of prejudice. Boo Radley is thought to be a malevolent, soulless, deceitful person, but he proves to be a caring, good-natured person. In Chapter 1, Jem offers his perception of Boo Radley to Scout and Dill: " ‘Boo was about six-and-a-half feet tall, judging from his tracks; he dined on raw squirrels and any cats he could catch, that’s why his hands were bloodstained—if you ate an animal raw, you could never wash the blood off. There was a long jagged scar that ran across his face; what teeth he had were yellow and rotten; his eyes popped, and he drooled most of the time’ " (16). Jem perceives Boo Radley as being a â€Å"monster† instead of being a man. Jem comes to this conclusion despite having never even seen Boo Radley in person. Jem’s understanding of Boo Radley is based on the rumors that he has heard about him. In Chapter 8, after the fire at Miss Maudie’s house, Scout notices that she was wrapped in a blanket that she did not have with she l eft the house. Scout asks Atticus who was the person that put the blanket around her. Atticus tells Scout, "Boo Radley. You were so busy watching the fire you didn't know it when he... ...ir if they tried. In our courts, when it's a white man's word against a black man's, the white man always wins. They're ugly, but those are the facts of life† (295). From the very beginning of the trial, the jury was going to find Tom Robinson guilty since it was a black man's word against a white man’s word. The all-white jury never wanted to see a black person win against a white person. After he is found guilty, Tom is sent to a prison where he tries to escape but is shot to death by the prison guards. Mr. Underwood writes an editorial in which he compares Tom being shot to death to hunters shooting mockingbirds. Like a mockingbird, Tom never caused any harm to anyone. Tom is â€Å"shot† by the jury when they assume that he is guilty because he is a black man and his alleged victim is white. In the end, an innocent man was found guilty because of the color of his skin.

Losing Julia :: essays research papers

  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In Jonathan Hull's book Losing Julia the main character, Patrick Delaney, was a complicated man. At the age of 18, while still very much an innocent boy, he was sent to Europe to fight in a bloody and terrible war. This exposure to the worst of humanity changed him in many ways. During the war he made some of the best and closest friends he ever had in his life. He also watched these friends die a gruesome death while he was only a hundred feet away, unable to help or save them. His entire outlook on life changed. Before the war he was hopeful and optimistic. Afterwards, life didn't seem as important. He went home and tried to be normal, but he couldn't. He married, had kids, and returned to an everyday job as an accountant, but something inside him was missing. He left an important part of himself on the battlefield. It wasn't until he met Julia, that he felt alive again. Through her he was able to open his heart and his soul. Her presence helped to heal the wou nds that the war had left behind. There was a lot that happened to Patrick, love, war, loss, and regret, that made him the type of 81 year old man that he was.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  World War I is a pivotal event in Patrick’s life. It was during this event that Patrick learned what it meant to be a man. He was forced to look inside himself and find the courage that was needed to fight. He questioned his morals, values, and faith, and discovered things about himself that he never knew. For the first time in his life he was completely alive and understood how valuable that life was. During this war, he met and became friends with Daniel MacGuire. Dan became like a big brother to him and Pat clung to him for security and used him as a pillar of strength. He was Patrick’s lifeline and when he was killed, Patrick was lost. For the rest of his life Patrick would never be able to get over Dan’s death. He would always feel guilty that he lived and Dan died. This experience left him very cynical, especially about God. He couldn’t understand how someone who was supposed to be all powerful would let something like war happen, and allow a good man, such as Daniel, to die.

Software Piracy Essay -- Argumentative Persuasive Essays

Software Piracy Nowadays, software became part of our everyday life, running everything in the digital world from our PCs to the internet. It is definitely the most valuable technology of the Information age. Software is also the victim of a big problem that exists in homes, schools, businesses and government: Piracy. Copyright laws protect the intellectual property software developers, but unfortunately, not only did new technologies enhanced ways to access and distribute copyrighted work legally but also illegally. Software piracy is an illegal and unethical behavior that should be understood by everyone. It is important for us to understand what software piracy is in its variety, then realize its importance in the US and the world, and examining its causes and consequences and finally identify ways of dealing with it. Software Piracy is the unauthorized copying of software. Buying software applications differs from everything else you buy: the software does not belong to you; you become a licensed user, â€Å"you purchase the right to use the software on a single computer† (â€Å"What is Software Piracy?†). It is vital to understand that you cannot copy the software to other machines or lend the software to friends, colleagues or family. The unauthorized copying of software is illegal, it does not matter whether you call it â€Å"borrowing, copying, sharing or fair use† (â€Å"Software Piracy: What You Should Know.†). You are only allowed to make copies of software for back up purposes. Most licenses only allow the program to be run by one user on only one machine (â€Å"Software Piracy.†). There are several kinds of software piracy: End User Piracy, Client-Server Overuse, Internet Piracy, Hard-Disk Loading, and Software Counterfeiting. End... ...ss Technology Network. March 20th, 2004 http://www.techweb.com/tech/opinion_mad/20021220_mad â€Å"Software piracy takes toll on global scale.† USA today website. March 20th, 2004 http://www.usatoday.com/tech/techreviews/2001-08-01-software-piracy.htm â€Å"Focus on Software Piracy Problem.† Wired website. March 20th, 2004 http://www.wired.com/news/linux/0,1411,58306,00.html â€Å"Legal Land Mines† By: Melymuka, Kathleen. Computerworld, 9/22/2003, Vol. 37 Issue 38, p37, 2p, 1c â€Å"Many Students Use Software Without Paying For It† By: Carlson, Scott. Chronicle of Higher Education, 10/3/2003, Vol. 50 Issue 6, pA30, 1/4p â€Å"Pay Now, or Pay Big Later† By: Kruger, Robert M. Design News, 12/1/2003, Vol. 58 Issue 18, p20, 2/3p â€Å"Pirate This Page† By: Erickson, Jonathan. Dr. Dobb's Journal: Software Tools for the Professional Programmer, Sep2003, Vol. 28 Issue 9, p8, 1p Software Piracy Essay -- Argumentative Persuasive Essays Software Piracy Nowadays, software became part of our everyday life, running everything in the digital world from our PCs to the internet. It is definitely the most valuable technology of the Information age. Software is also the victim of a big problem that exists in homes, schools, businesses and government: Piracy. Copyright laws protect the intellectual property software developers, but unfortunately, not only did new technologies enhanced ways to access and distribute copyrighted work legally but also illegally. Software piracy is an illegal and unethical behavior that should be understood by everyone. It is important for us to understand what software piracy is in its variety, then realize its importance in the US and the world, and examining its causes and consequences and finally identify ways of dealing with it. Software Piracy is the unauthorized copying of software. Buying software applications differs from everything else you buy: the software does not belong to you; you become a licensed user, â€Å"you purchase the right to use the software on a single computer† (â€Å"What is Software Piracy?†). It is vital to understand that you cannot copy the software to other machines or lend the software to friends, colleagues or family. The unauthorized copying of software is illegal, it does not matter whether you call it â€Å"borrowing, copying, sharing or fair use† (â€Å"Software Piracy: What You Should Know.†). You are only allowed to make copies of software for back up purposes. Most licenses only allow the program to be run by one user on only one machine (â€Å"Software Piracy.†). There are several kinds of software piracy: End User Piracy, Client-Server Overuse, Internet Piracy, Hard-Disk Loading, and Software Counterfeiting. End... ...ss Technology Network. March 20th, 2004 http://www.techweb.com/tech/opinion_mad/20021220_mad â€Å"Software piracy takes toll on global scale.† USA today website. March 20th, 2004 http://www.usatoday.com/tech/techreviews/2001-08-01-software-piracy.htm â€Å"Focus on Software Piracy Problem.† Wired website. March 20th, 2004 http://www.wired.com/news/linux/0,1411,58306,00.html â€Å"Legal Land Mines† By: Melymuka, Kathleen. Computerworld, 9/22/2003, Vol. 37 Issue 38, p37, 2p, 1c â€Å"Many Students Use Software Without Paying For It† By: Carlson, Scott. Chronicle of Higher Education, 10/3/2003, Vol. 50 Issue 6, pA30, 1/4p â€Å"Pay Now, or Pay Big Later† By: Kruger, Robert M. Design News, 12/1/2003, Vol. 58 Issue 18, p20, 2/3p â€Å"Pirate This Page† By: Erickson, Jonathan. Dr. Dobb's Journal: Software Tools for the Professional Programmer, Sep2003, Vol. 28 Issue 9, p8, 1p

Epidemiology : History on Thomas Sydenham

Background of Thomas Sydenham (Father of Clinical Observation) Name: Thomas Sydenham Date of Birth: 10 December 1624 Place of Birth: Wynford Eagle Education: * Commenced the study of medicine at Magdalene Hall, Oxford in 1642 * After 2 months interrupted his studies to participate in the civil war on the parliamentary side * He returned to the university in 1645 to enter Wadham College to become a physician * Received his Bachelor of Medicine in 1648 * Studied with Christopher Wren about natural scientists conducting physiological experiment at Oxford Achievement: Become a â€Å"Captain Sydenham† at the first civil war in 1654 * Married with Mary Gee (1654) * Nominated to Parliament in 1659 (but not elected) * Become a licentiate of the Royal College of Physician * Received a doctorate from Pembroke College, Cambridge (1676) Year of Death: 1689 Cause of death: Gout and Renal disease (left three sons: William (also a physician), Henry and James) Contribution of Thomas Sydenham to the Medic World It was in London in the middle of the 1650’s Thomas Sydenham began his exacting studies of epidemics. There was much contribution that has been made by him during his studies about epidemics.The contribution that he had been made was: * Form the basic book on fever on 1666 * Observationes Medicae a standard textbook for two centuries on 1676 * Presented the theory of an epidemic constitution, Eg. Conditions in the environment which cause the occurrence of acute diseases (1683) * He noted the link between fleas and typhus fever * Introduced opium into medical practice and was the first to use iron-deficiency anaemia * Treatment fever with fresh air and cooling drink was an improvement on the sweating methods previously employed * Moderate treatment of smallpox by using cinchona â€Å"Sydenham’s chorea† aka. St Vitus Dance * Differentiation between gout and rheumatism, scarlet fever and measles, malaria and other fever, and chorea and St Vitus D ance * Write a description about dysentery, pneumonia, mental disease, tuberculosis, influenza, trigeminal neuralgia, croup and syphilis There are some of observation that was a Thomas Sydenham’s contribution has been revolutionized by medical practice in 17th century there are: * Discovery of circulation by Harvey* A philosophy of science by Bacon Disease by Ramazzini * Microscopic revelation by Malpighi and Leewnhoek Philosophy, concept, theory and any thought by Thomas Sydenham One of the famous Thomas Sydenham’s theories is Sydenham’s chorea and also known as St. Vitus Dance. Discovery by him on 17th century. Sydenham’s chorea Definition: The disease that characterized by rapid or uncoordinated jerking movement affecting primarily the face, feet and hand. Causes: * Cerebra vascular accidents * Collegen vascular disease * Drugs intoxication * Hyperthyroidism Wilson’s disease * Huntington’s disease * Infectious disease Treatment: * Penicil lin * Behavioral and emotional changes may precede the movement disorders * Haloperidol, pimozide, clonidine * Treatment with steroids One of famous philosophy by Thomas Sydenham: â€Å"A disease, however much its causes may be adverse to the human body, is nothing more than an effort of Nature, who strives with might and main to restore the health of the patient by the elimination of the morbid humor† Medical Observation, section 1, chapter 1.

Agriculture in Bangladesh

Bangladesh has a primarily agrarian economy. Agriculture is the single largest producing sector of the economy since it comprises about 18. 6% (data released on November, 2010) of the country's GDP and employs around 45% of the total labor force. [1] The performance of this sector has an overwhelming impact on major macroeconomic objectives like employment generation, poverty alleviation, human resources development and food security. A plurality of Bangladeshis earn their living from agriculture. Although rice and jute are the primary crops, wheat is assuming greater importance.Tea is grown in the northeast. Because of Bangladesh's fertile soil and normally ample water supply, rice can be grown and harvested three times a year in many areas. Due to a number of factors, Bangladesh's labor-intensive agriculture has achieved steady increases in food grain production despite the often unfavorable weather conditions. These include better flood control and irrigation, a generally more eff icient use of fertilizers, and the establishment of better distribution and rural credit networks.With 35. 8 million metric tons produced in 2000, rice is Bangladesh's principal crop. National sales of the classes of insecticide used on rice, including granular carbofuran, synthetic pyrethroids, and malathion exceeded 13,000 tons of formulated product in 2003. [2][3] The insecticides not only represent an environmental threat, but are a significant expenditure to poor rice farmers. The Bangladesh Rice Research Institute is working with various NGOs and international organizations to reduce insecticide use in rice. [4] In comparison to rice, wheat output in 1999 was 1. 9 million metric tons.Population pressure continues to place a severe burden on productive capacity, creating a food deficit, especially of wheat. Foreign assistance and commercial imports fill the gap. Underemployment remains a serious problem, and a growing concern for Bangladesh's agricultural sector will be its abi lity to absorb additional manpower. Finding alternative sources of employment will continue to be a daunting problem for future governments, particularly with the increasing numbers of landless peasants who already account for about half the rural labor force. Food cropsAlthough rice and jute are the primary crops, maize and vegetables are assuming greater importance. [5] Due to the expansion of irrigation networks, some wheat producers have switched to cultivation of maize which is used mostly as poultry feed. [5] Tea is grown in the northeast. [5] Because of Bangladesh's fertile soil and normally ample water supply, rice can be grown and harvested three times a year in many areas. [5] Due to a number of factors, Bangladesh's labor-intensive agriculture has achieved steady increases in food grain production despite the often unfavorable weather conditions.These include better flood control and irrigation, a generally more efficient use of fertilizers, and the establishment of bette r distribution and rural credit networks. [5] With 28. 8 million metric tons produced in 2005-2006 (July–June), rice is Bangladesh's principal crop. [5] By comparison, wheat output in 2005-2006 was 9 million metric tons. [5] Population pressure continues to place a severe burden on productive capacity, creating a food deficit, especially of wheat. [5] Foreign assistance and commercial imports fill the gap.Underemployment remains a serious problem, and a growing concern for Bangladesh's agricultural sector will be its ability to absorb additional manpower. [5] Bangladesh is the fourth largest rice [6] producing country in the world. National sales of the classes of insecticide used on rice, including granular carbofuran, synthetic pyrethroids, and malathion exceeded 13,000 tons of formulated product in 2003 [1] [2]. The insecticides not only represent an environmental threat, but are a significant expenditure to poor rice farmers.The Bangladesh Rice Research Institute is worki ng with various NGOs and international organizations to reduce insecticide use in rice [3]. Wheat is not a traditional crop in Bangladesh, and in the late 1980s little was consumed in rural areas. During the 1960s and early 1970s, however, it was the only commodity for which local consumption increased because external food aid was most often provided in the form of wheat. In the first half of the 1980s, domestic wheat production rose to more than 1 million tons per year but was still only 7 to 9 percent of total food grain production. Record production of nearly 1.5 million tons was achieved in FY 1985, but the following year saw a decrease to just over 1 million tons. About half the wheat is grown on irrigated land. The proportion of land devoted to wheat remained essentially unchanged between 1980 and 1986, at a little less than 6 percent of total planted area. Wheat also accounts for the great bulk of imported food grains, exceeding 1 million tons annually and going higher than 1. 8 million tons in FY 1984, FY 1985, and FY 1987. The great bulk of the imported wheat is financed under aid programs of the United States, the European Economic Community, and the World Food Programme.Food grains are cultivated primarily for subsistence. Only a small percentage of total production makes its way into commercial channels. Other Bangladeshi food crops, however, are grown chiefly for the domestic market. They include potatoes and sweet potatoes, with a combined record production of 1. 9 million tons in FY 1984; oilseeds, with an annual average production of 250,000 tons; and fruits such as bananas, jackfruit, mangoes, and pineapples. Estimates of sugarcane production put annual production at more than 7 million tons per year, most of it processed into a coarse, unrefined sugar known as gur, and sold domestically.

Psycho, the greatest film of all time?

This essay will attempt to show you the brilliance that is Psycho and how Alfred Hitchcock managed to create a film which even today grabs and retains the interest of any audience. The music in the film Psycho was a brand new idea at its time in the 1960s and acted like magic on audiences, making them sit in horror at the edge of their seats. The music in Psycho is ‘non-diagetic' and is performed by an all-strings orchestra. At the time when Psycho was released, using music that was played by an all-strings orchestra in horror movies was a brand new idea and startled film critics and the audience alike. This method of using high-pitched, sharp music was such an effective idea that many other horror films and television series adopted the thought and this style of music is still used to this day (for example, in Nightmare on Elm Street. Using an all-strings orchestra in Psycho was a fantastic way of building tension and it worked very effectively. The reason it worked so well was because the sound was so recognisable. This is because, as the music was played on and on-and-off basis, the audience gradually noticed that when the music played, something bad was probably about to happen. No other music could have been used in Psycho which would have created the same amount of tension in the movie and sounded so shrill and discordant. To a pre-1970s audience, the all-strings music was remarkably effective and the music by itself built tension. Nowadays, when a modern audience watches Psycho, they react in the same way as audiences over thirty years ago, even though they are used to music like this. The eerie sound of string instruments playing sharp scratchy notes, e. g. in the shower scene, still makes modern audiences sit on the edge of their seats and watch in suspense as the plot unfolds. The music in Alfred Hitchcock's horror films was so important and effective that without it the films would not have succeeded. It is possible to see that when his films are watched on mute, the suspense disappears and the film becomes boring and not at all exciting. Even the brilliant use of lighting and shadows is not enough to keep the interest of any audience watching Psycho without the music. The plot of Psycho is ingenious and has to be one of the greatest stories of all time. Alfred Hitchcock used a brilliant technique in all his films for retaining the audience's interest which he called â€Å"the McGuffin†i. Alfred Hitchcock used this technique in all his films to catch the viewer's attention and drive the plot. In Psycho, the McGuffin was the $40,000 in cash stolen by Marion. In the first half of the film, the audience is led to believe that the movie is essentially about the stolen money, and this alone envelops the viewer's attention because the plot is so tightly and perfectly constructed. By the end of the film though, few people remember that the money even existed, as the McGuffin is only really needed to move the audience into the Bates Hotel. The plot was designed very cleverly by Alfred Hitchcock. To grab his audience's attention, he made the audience ask questions. He does this right from the very beginning of Psycho until the end of it. For example, in the first scene alone, when Sam and Marion are meeting secretly during their lunch break, the audience is made to think: can Sam pay off his father's debts and his wife's alimony? Will they get married? Will they get caught together? etc. , etc. Forcing the audience to ask questions mentally, traps their attention, as they want to know the answers. Another way that the plot does well to catch and retain an audience's focus is the suspense which is built up so frequently. When suspense is built up, the audience always wants to know what will happen next. As the storyline twists and turns and the viewers get surprises, the audience becomes drawn into the film and becomes more involved. For instance, when the main character is suddenly killed halfway through the film in an unforgettable scene, the audience is left wondering: what will happen next? Who will be the new main character? All of these sudden changes in plot shock the viewer more and more and make the film more exciting and interesting. Another change in plot is when Sam, Lila, the sheriff and his wife meet after church in broad daylight. This break in the tension allows the viewer to relax and watch a different scene; one in daylight, which is not eerie and in shadow. This may appear to be an odd change in plot, but it helps keep all audiences focused. A very clever ingredient in Psycho, was Alfred Hitchcock's excellent positioning of objects on the film set. Using his complicated knowledge of filming and positioning, he created scenes which convinced the eye of an alteration to the truth. He set objects up, for instance, in the eerie house, which looked so normal and blended in with the film perfectly. He placed typical old-woman-objects in Norman's mother's bedroom to make the audience convinced that there really was an old woman living in the house and that she was still there. He also placed objects such as a toy fire engine and a male dole in Norman Bate's old room to make it suit its part. These little things are actually precisely positioned so that they suit the atmosphere and the audience sub-consciously notices them. All audiences, modern and old alike, notice these little differences and it is things like this which manage to retain the interest of an audience watching Psycho. Set pieces were not all small though. The large old Victorian style house atop a hill was specifically chosen for its image and its evil and dark appearance. The camera, throughout the whole film, always filmed this house from below, making it appear to tower over all else and cast a dark shadow over everything. The actors chosen for Psycho, despite in the case of most, being famous before its creation, were all picked after long deliberation by Alfred Hitchcock for their particular skillsi. Janet Leigh, for example, who played the part of Marion in Psycho, was chosen out of a list of seven possibilities. Most of the actors in Psycho were all very professional, popular and they all fitted perfectly; without them and their talent, the film could have easily turned out to be a failure (as Psycho's remake was). As all of the actors were so capable and Alfred Hitchcock directed them all so well, their talents shone through in this movie and they all appeared so realistic and their body language in Psycho was flawless. This goes for their dialogue too. They may have all been able to say their scripts, but the timing and their expressions and tones were all planned out by Hitchcock perfectly. The camera angles and lighting in Psycho are arguably the cleverest and most effective ever used in a film. Alfred Hitchcock personally worked out every camera angle and every scene in Psycho. He used the camera to guide the story, build the tension and throw twists into the ending. The camera angles used are legendary. Using Alfred Hitchcock's directing genius, one of the most famous scenes in cinematic history was created. In this one scene (the ‘Shower Scene' as it is now commonly known), seventy camera angles were used, intermixed with quick cuts to emphasise the brutality of the act; yet the knife is never actually seen penetrating Marion's body. Marion is filmed in the shower from so many different angles so that suspense is built up as the audience knows something bad must be about to happen. She looks vulnerable in the shower without any clothes and she is unsuspecting – her expression is one of concentration, on showering. All this put together, combined with Alfred Hitchcock's directing, creates an extremely scary, exciting and memorable scene. Alfred Hitchcock was obviously very talented, and when it came to the camera's positioning and lighting, he always managed to create brilliant pictures. Without using sound, Hitchcock could make people look nervous, vulnerable, strange, powerful, dangerous etc. by just using camera angles. For instance, to make the private investigator look vulnerable as he walked upstairs and reached the landing, the camera filmed him from above, looking down on him so that he looked alone and vulnerable. There was only one poorly created scene in the whole film. This was the stair scene, when Arbogast, the private investigator, falls down the stairs with a knife wound. To a 1960s audience, this scene seemed to be extremely realistic and well filmed. Unfortunately it is spoilt on a modern audience as nowadays everyone is so used to graphics and special effects that the stair scene appeared comical to us, as it wasn't realistic. It was quite obvious that there was a film of stairs coming towards the audience being played behind the falling private investigator. The lighting in Psycho was used to great effect and was directed fantastically. Alfred Hitchcock managed to create different atmospheres in different scenes by his use of lighting and shadows. For instance, in the climax scene, when Norman Bates runs into the fruit cellar with a knife, the lighting is fantastic. When the camera turns to look at Norman's mother's wrinkled, mummified face, as the bulb swings creating strobe flashing, in the hollows of her eyes, shadows dance against the inside of her skull which creates an illusion of a mad, mirthful response to the scene before her. Today, Psycho is still looked upon as a brilliant and unique film, which even now manages to grab and retain the interest of any audience. No other film has ever managed to outclass Alfred Hitchcock's masterpiece in complexity or in cleverness. The black and white photography used is perfect for the film's tone and mood – colour would merely have blurred the nightmarish quality. Psycho is an exceptional film, which altered the course of cinematic history, and its brilliance will always be recognised.

Rotten in the State of Denmark

Shakespeare’s â€Å"Hamlet† takes place during the Middle Ages in Denmark, though the play is written in the mindset of those living in the duration of the English Renaissance. Elizabethans strongly believed in order restoration in society or else chaos would ensue. In a manner of emphasizing the decay and corruption throughout the play, Shakespeare effectively utilizes figurative language and character development in order to support the concept that â€Å"There is something rotten in the state of Denmark. † The use of metaphors within the play by Shakespeare accentuates the deterioration in Denmark. Hamlet refers to humanity as the â€Å"quintessence of dust† (II, 2, 272). By making the comparison to dust, he proves that he believes humanity to have rotted, thus illustrating that the kingdom is decaying as its people are by a sense of morality and order. Hamlet continues on later in the play to state that â€Å"It will but skin and film the ulcerous place/While rank corruption, mining all within/Infects unseen† (III, 4, 147-148). This further establishes that Denmark is declining as the corruption spreads and is unchecked. Through the metaphorical comparisons, Shakespeare is able to indicate the decay within Denmark. Double entendre usage throughout â€Å"Hamlet† confirms the degeneration of the kingdom’s state. Hamlet makes reference to both the body and life in saying, â€Å"When we have shuffled off this mortal coil/Must give us pause† (III, 1, 66). He means both removing his human flesh and ending his everyday life, signifying the corruption in the kingdom as he wishes to find an easy way out of the troubled state that it is in. Later on, Hamlet mentions Polonius’ body is â€Å"at supper† and informs Claudius that â€Å"We fat all creatures else to fat us, and we fat ourselves for maggots†¦two dishes, but to one table† (IV, 3, 21-24). Supper means both that Polonius is at supper and that he is the supper. In this way, as maggots symbolize decay, it suggests that people fatten animals to feed upon; therefore, they fatten themselves for maggots and are all equal in death, as everyone is food for worms as the body deteriorates. The underlying notion of decomposition through double entendre insinuates that there is corruption within Denmark. Character development is another method in which Shakespeare indicates corrosion in Denmark. In terms of Ophelia, Hamlet describes her as a â€Å"dead dog† and states that â€Å"the sun breeds maggots in a dead dog† (II, 2, 178). By implying that Ophelia is a dead dog that breeds maggots, he indicates both that the sun rots a dead body and maggots feed within, as well as it is an aspersion to her character, since a â€Å"dead dog† is a â€Å"bitch. † Thus, Hamlet portrays the corruption in Ophelia’s character as he insinuates that she is a â€Å"bitch† by utilizing a term that symbolizes decomposition. Later on, Claudius states, â€Å"We have done but greenly/In a hugger-mugger to inter him; poor Ophelia/Divided from herself and her fair judgment† (IV, 5, 82-84). This suggests that Ophelia’s mental state is compromised due to the secrecy of her father’s death, further reinstating that the kingdom is corrupted. The alteration of Ophelia’s character and deterioration of her mental state represents the dwindling of the state of Denmark. The entirety of â€Å"Hamlet† epitomizes Renaissance England society by stressing the notion that without order, chaos will ensue. Shakespeare signifies the mentality of Elizabethans throughout the play through his use of figurative language and character development in order to substantiate that there is, in fact, â€Å"something rotten in the state of Denmark. †

Misrepresentation of Women in Cinema Movie Review - 1

Misrepresentation of Women in Cinema - Movie Review Example The author of the paper states that the concept of women and its consequences are built also by the influence of cinema and its production of images in everyday life of subjects. Analysts say that culture is an intervention area of ideology and the picture of a woman presented culturally is a stereotypical image. It can also be said that the social construction of woman, that worked for various types media (whether by magazines and advertisements, whether for film and television) is usually based on criteria pre-established socially and imposes an idealized image of women.  Misrepresentation of women in cinema can be in many ways although the most common form of misrepresentation is the objectification of women. Objectification is the treatment of a person like a tool or an object while disregarding their dignity. A person is objectified if they are treated as if they are owned by another or like a tool for another person’s purposes. Objectification means there is no concern for their feelings thereby the particular person is denied subjectivity. The most relevant form of women objectification is sexual objectification. It is the treatment of a woman simply like an instrument for deriving sexual pleasure thereby making the particular woman a sex object. Sexual objectification is an important idea in feminist theory and psychological theories derived from feminism. Most feminists view sexual objectification as deplorable and as playing a vital role in the promotion of gender equality.  One of the feminists Laura Mulvey uses psychoanalysis and her own impressions to enlighten on what would be the female representations within the macho culture. For the system, there is already an idea of woman as an eternal victim: it is her lack that produces the phallus as a symbolic presence; her desire is to compensate the lack what it means.

Nutrition and Dietetics Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Nutrition and Dietetics - Essay Example In doing this, the project coordinator naturally outlines the importance of the project within the society. Additionally, it is important to explain the relationship between the various stakeholders and their environment. The environment will influence the nature of their operations and the type of project designed in this case. It thus becomes important to evaluate and discuss the nature of the of the environment and the effects of human behaviors and their developments in order to determine the best and most cost effective means of preventing diabetes from the target audience. The human ecological theory provides an effective framework upon which to investigate the relationship between humans and their environments thus making the design and execution of the plan possible. Medical professionals such as doctors are directly involved with the design and the planning of the project. They understand the factors that lead to the prevalence of the disease and are equally capable of devis ing effective treatments. Their involvement in the project is therefore basic since they will formulate and implement the daily operational plans. Teachers on the other hand will carry out civic education. They will organize mobile education centers from where they will interact with their target audience and teach them on the ways of preventing the prevalence of the disease. They will therefore liaise with the doctors and carry out consultative sessions in which the teachers provide best prevention methods as formulated and advised by the medical professionals. This way, the entire project becomes realistic as each party relies on the other for the success of the entire project (Willett, 1998). The high-risk adults are the audience of the project; they will constitute the targeted public among which the civic education, diagnosis and treatment program will take place. The medical professionals and the teachers will formulate effective plans of actions that best address the issues t hat either affect or influence the population’s susceptibility to the disease. The project will therefore involve identifying the target audience, formulating effective programs that will befit the special group that constitute the audience and finally carrying out the civic education. To carry out the above activities effectively, the project coordinator will liaise with the local authority whose support is relevant for the success of the project. Additionally, the project will incorporate medical testing as a way of investigating the prevalence of the type 2 diabetes among the targeted population. In analyzing the relationship among the different stakeholders in the project, the human ecological theory provides five environmental systems with which humans interact. The theory provides community psychologists with an effective platform to analyze and understand human interactions both among themselves and with their societies. Among the five is microsystem, which will have d irect relevance in the project. Microsystem refers to the groups and institutions in the society directly relevant in a child’s development. Such include schools, peers, religious institutions and neighborhood. The project will consider the prevalence of the same and their relations to the targeted audience. Such social features as peers and neighborhood will help the medical profe

Anti-car theft system Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Anti-car theft system - Coursework Example GSM based anti-car theft is based on operation through the consideration of GSM module and micro controller programming (Chandra, 2005). The system used in the security comprises GSM which functions as an intermediate between the car owner and the entire car system. The system is responsible for both receiving of calls for system activation and also its deactivation and sending a text message to the owner. The output of the system is fed in to the microcontroller. The microcontroller is considered the main brain behind the entire system with a written program stored in the Read Only Memory. The controller with the direction of the written program connects and coordinates the system of operation through different aspects. The connection occurs when the system is active as it monitors both the car doors and the boot of the car to each if there is opening of the car by a stranger. The system also works to demobilize the car by disconnecting the ignition line from the battery supply through the actuator(Eberspächer, Vögel & Bettstetter, 2001). The design also works with the start up an alarm for the purpose of al ert. If the system is inactive there will be disabling of all the outputs and sensor inputs. In the project, there was utilizing of the design through locally assembled microcontroller and other few basic components of electronic components to achieve both the controller and the controlled. Microcontrollers have been seen to be used in performance of the simple security task inn which performance of humans might be able to degrade over time(Halonen, Romero & Melero, 2003). The engineering technique that has been used in the design is that which makes it reliable,durable and capable for offering guarantee security at all times, the power supply that has been used provides the voltage and current which is required for effective performance